变压器绝缘油中(zhong)含乙(yi)炔的处(chu)理(li)方法(fa)

发布时间：2021-12-01 浏览次数：1436次 作者：新澳门3559com机电

       变电站、特高压输电变、全国电网的不断扩大500KV-1000KV大容量高等级的变压器在电力生产中不断升级应用，为了保证电网工作的安全可靠，对变压器用绝缘油也提出了高的要求、特高压油处理设(she)备滤油机的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)提出(chu)了更高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。对(dui)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)变(bian)压(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)进行安全监测(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首要(yao)方法是(shi)(shi)通(tong)过(guo)油(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)气(qi)体(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)色谱分(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)，检(jian)(jian)测(ce)油(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)气(qi)体(ti)(ti)含(han)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改动，然(ran)后(hou)分(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)变(bian)压(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)潜(qian)在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺点(dian)及(ji)隐患，以便及(ji)时(shi)(shi)保护或消除缺点(dian)，防(fang)患于未然(ran)。溶解(jie)(jie)于油(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)总(zong)烃、乙炔(gui)、氢(qing)气(qi)、水分(fen)(fen)(fen)含(han)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改动是(shi)(shi)诊断(duan)变(bian)压(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)缺点(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首要(yao)参数(shu)。因而，要(yao)求新(xin)装(zhuang)置的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)或检(jian)(jian)修后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)变(bian)压(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，或许跟(gen)踪(zong)缺点(dian)变(bian)压(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)滤油(you)(you)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)绝(jue)缘(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，乙炔(gui)和(he)(he)氢(qing)气(qi)含(han)量(liang)(liang)应为0，一起将(jiang)气(qi)体(ti)(ti)总(zong)含(han)量(liang)(liang)约束在(zai)≤0.1的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)标准。正常工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)时(shi)(shi)，变(bian)压(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)油(you)(you)及(ji)固(gu)体(ti)(ti)有机绝(jue)缘(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材料在(zai)热(re)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)下，分(fen)(fen)(fen)解(jie)(jie)出(chu)少量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氢(qing)、低分(fen)(fen)(fen)子碳(tan)(tan)化(hua)氢(qing)（烃）、一氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)和(he)(he)二氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)，这些气(qi)体(ti)(ti)大(da)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)溶解(jie)(jie)在(zai)油(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。当变(bian)压(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)存(cun)在(zai)缺点(dian)或产(chan)(chan)生(sheng)缺点(dian)时(shi)(shi)，油(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)气(qi)体(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)种类和(he)(he)数(shu)量(liang)(liang)将(jiang)产(chan)(chan)生(sheng)改动。当呈(cheng)现(xian)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)过(guo)热(re)时(shi)(shi)，跟(gen)着温(wen)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)升高，烃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)种重量(liang)(liang)明(ming)显增(zeng)加(jia)，假若固(gu)体(ti)(ti)绝(jue)缘(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)损(sun)坏(huai)，一氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)和(he)(he)二氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)将(jiang)增(zeng)加(jia)。呈(cheng)现(xian)绝(jue)缘(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)击(ji)穿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高能(neng)量(liang)(liang)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)时(shi)(shi)，附(fu)近的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)几乎(hu)热(re)分(fen)(fen)(fen)解(jie)(jie)，产(chan)(chan)气(qi)剧增(zeng)，除了碳(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)粒均匀(yun)(yun)散布在(zai)油(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)外，首要(yao)气(qi)体(ti)(ti)是(shi)(shi)氢(qing)和(he)(he)乙炔(gui)。呈(cheng)现(xian)火(huo)花(hua)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低能(neng)量(liang)(liang)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)时(shi)(shi)，首要(yao)气(qi)体(ti)(ti)仍是(shi)(shi)氢(qing)和(he)(he)乙炔(gui)，但数(shu)量(liang)(liang)比高能(neng)量(liang)(liang)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)少得多(duo)。呈(cheng)现(xian)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)时(shi)(shi)，将(jiang)使油(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安闲分(fen)(fen)(fen)子游离(li)，产(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首要(yao)气(qi)体(ti)(ti)是(shi)(shi)氢(qing)，也有少量(liang)(liang)乙炔(gui)和(he)(he)甲烷。不管哪一种放(fang)电(dian)(dian)，只需有固(gu)体(ti)(ti)绝(jue)缘(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)介入(ru)，就总(zong)会产(chan)(chan)生(sheng)一氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)和(he)(he)二氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)，油(you)(you)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)黑(hei)是(shi)(shi)绝(jue)缘(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)在(zai)电(dian)(dian)弧工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)作(zuo)用(yong)下焚(fen)烧时(shi)(shi)产(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。炭(tan)(tan)(tan)黑(hei)一般是(shi)(shi)胶体(ti)(ti)、均匀(yun)(yun)涣散于油(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，但当炭(tan)(tan)(tan)黑(hei)较多(duo)时(shi)(shi)，则从油(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)出(chu)，胶体(ti)(ti)状炭(tan)(tan)(tan)黑(hei)多(duo)见于开关(guan)油(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，且均匀(yun)(yun)地散布在(zai)整体(ti)(ti)油(you)(you)品中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，几乎(hu)在(zai)所有情况下，绝(jue)缘(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)表(biao)面呈(cheng)莹光闪闪的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蓝色到(dao)紫色，能(neng)够通(tong)过(guo)特(te)高压(ya)油(you)(you)处理(li)设备方法将(jiang)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)黑(hei)除去。

       关于工作绝缘油油有时会宣布不同气味，这些气味也可能是事端产生的前兆，如气味首要原因：

       1.乙炔味--部分放电、部分过热，部分抵触、流体抵触。

       2.烧焦味--纤维质的热分解。

       3.鱼腥味--虫胶的分解。

       4.霉气味(wei)--老化 。

       5.冲鼻酸味--老化。

       判别气味当然也受到人的主观要素的影响，工作油气味的改动是直接嗅得出来的，由于单凭此方法得不出切当的定论，所以当气味产生明显改动时，应对油品进行分析的查验，必要时建议作油中气体分析。

       为什么一般真(zhen)空滤(lv)油机(ji)处理后，油中广泛还存在乙炔？一是变压器油中自身含有的乙炔，二是一般真空滤油机处理绝缘油时使油部分规模内产生过高的温度，一般真空滤油机油(you)(you)(you)路规划问(wen)(wen)题(ti)，规划呈(cheng)现(xian)问(wen)(wen)题(ti)滤油(you)(you)(you)机(ji)作业时流体(ti)彼此(ci)抵触产(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)乙(yi)炔(gui)(gui)，使油(you)(you)(you)分解，由高分子(zi)量(liang)变成低分子(zi)量(liang)，然后产(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)氢(qing)气(qi)(qi)(qi)、乙(yi)炔(gui)(gui)和(he)(he)甲烷(wan)气(qi)(qi)(qi)体(ti)。大部分真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)滤油(you)(you)(you)机(ji)，在处(chu)理油(you)(you)(you)进程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一般(ban)(ban)产(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)有(you)乙(yi)炔(gui)(gui)等气(qi)(qi)(qi)体(ti)，如(ru)果在处(chu)理油(you)(you)(you)结(jie)束时还未将其脱除，则处(chu)理后的(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)总(zong)有(you)少量(liang)氢(qing)气(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)乙(yi)炔(gui)(gui)气(qi)(qi)(qi)体(ti)。这种一般(ban)(ban)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)滤油(you)(you)(you)机(ji)无(wu)论怎(zen)样过滤都是(shi)(shi)不合格的(de)(de)(de)。真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)滤油(you)(you)(you)机(ji)的(de)(de)(de)作业原理应(ying)该(gai)是(shi)(shi)将油(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)水分、低馏分物，如(ru)氢(qing)气(qi)(qi)(qi)、甲烷(wan)、乙(yi)烷(wan)、乙(yi)烯、乙(yi)炔(gui)(gui)、总(zong)烃(ting)、一氧(yang)化碳、二(er)氧(yang)化碳等气(qi)(qi)(qi)体(ti)从油(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)蒸发分别出来。可是(shi)(shi)，由于极微量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)水分、气(qi)(qi)(qi)体(ti)与油(you)(you)(you)分子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)结(jie)合力很强，一般(ban)(ban)一般(ban)(ban)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)滤油(you)(you)(you)机(ji)的(de)(de)(de)分别才(cai)干有(you)限，不能保证油(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)水分、气(qi)(qi)(qi)体(ti)抵达很低的(de)(de)(de)程度，不能保证油(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)乙(yi)炔(gui)(gui)、氢(qing)气(qi)(qi)(qi)为零。所(suo)以，现(xian)在很多运用的(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)滤油(you)(you)(you)机(ji)广泛存(cun)在含(han)有(you)乙(yi)炔(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)问(wen)(wen)题(ti)。